Kalau Masak Nasi Untuk Sorang Makan, Lagi Mudah Guna Cawan. Tiada Kerak, Tak Membazir

Nak makan nasi sorang je dan bila masak dalam rice cooker jadi berkerak pulak. Sudahnya nasi dapat sikit saja, nak kena basuh periuk lagi. Leceh la juga.

Sebenarnya jika nak masak nasi dalam kuantiti sikit atau sorang makan ada cara yang lagi mudah dan tak membazir akibat kerak. Caranya masak nasi guna mug atau cawan saja. Langkahnya dikongsi olehĀ Amalina Aziz.

1. Ambil beras dalam setengah mug dan basuh seperti biasa. Kalau nak 2 mug nasi, buat lagi satu.

2. Kemudian isikan air ke dalam mug agak-agak sampai hampir penuh. Beras tadi anggarkan dalam separuh mug.

Saya guna mug seramik kaca supaya tak pecah. Boleh juga guna cawan / bekas stainless steel kalau ada.Ā 

3. Kemudian, isikan pula air dalam periuk rice cooker lebih kurang separuh penuh.

4. Akhir sekali, boleh tekan butang ā€˜cookā€™ dan masak macam biasa.

Tadaaā€¦. Beginilah hasilnya bila dah siap masak. Senang saja kan?

Kalau Masak Nasi Untuk Sorang Makan, Lagi Mudah Guna Cawan. Tiada Kerak, Tak Membazir

Semoga bermanfaat.

Sumber: VanilaKismis.My

7 Langkah Ini Dapat Hilangkan Sakit Tekak Dengan Segera

ā€œDah mula gatal-gatal tekak, sampai nak telan air pun rasa perit. Kalau boleh garu dalam anak tekak ni memang dah lama buat dah. Nak kata banyak minum ais atau air sejuk, tak ada pun. Agaknya cuaca panas sangat kat luar tu, itu yang tekak ni jadi perit semacam. Bolehkah hilangkan sakit tekak tanpa perlu jumpa doktor?ā€

Memang rasa gatal dan tidak selesa dibuatnya kalau kena sakit tekak ini. Makan ubat sakit tekak pun sekejap sahaja leganya.

Tapi takkan nak makan gula-gula atauĀ ā€˜lozengesā€™Ā sepanjang masa. Nanti sakit tekak tak hilang, tapi kenaĀ diabetesĀ pula sebab asyik makan benda manis.

Jadi segera amalkan langkah di bawah untuk menghilangkan sakit tekak agar tidak melarat.

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7 LANGKAH INI DAPAT HILANGKAN SAKIT TEKAK DENGAN SEGERA

1. KUMUR DENGAN AIR GARAM

Air garam membantu mengurangkan bengkak dan radang di membran mukus. Tindakan ini secara tak langsung membantu hilangkanĀ sakit tekak.

Lakukan tiga kali sehari dan elak buat berlebihan kerana ia akan mengeringkan tisu lembut sekitar dalam mulut, menjadikan keadaan semakin buruk.

Cara mengatasi tekanan darah tinggi

2. MINUM CUKA EPAL YANG DICAMPUR MADU

Kandungan asid dalam cuka iniĀ membunuh bakteriaĀ dalam mulut. Madu pula mampu hilangkanĀ sakit tekak dengan lebih berkesan. Campurkan sesudu cuka dan madu dalam air suam dan minum.

Tidak pun, masukkan dua sudu cuka dalam setengah cawan air suam dan kumur sekali sehari.

sakit gastrik apple cider

Foto Kredit:Ā popsugar.com.au

3. HISAP BAWANG PUTIH

Bawang putih mengandungi bahanĀ yang dipanggilĀ allicin. Ia membunuh bakteria dan kuman yang menyebabkanĀ radang dan kegatalanĀ pada tekak.

Ambil dua ulas bawang putih dan masukkan setiap satu dalam mulut di bahagian pipi seperti makan gula-gula. Hisap dan sesekali gigit bawang putih untuk mengeluarkanĀ allicin. Lakukan sekali sehari.

Siap-siap kopek bawang

Bawang putih

4. SEDUT WAP PANAS

Wap panas membantu hilangkan sakit tekak dan melancarkan pengaliran udara dalam hidung yang tersumbat.

Kalau nak lagi berkesan, titikkan sedikit pudina atau aromaterapi untuk membantu melegakan liang pernafasan.

5. BANYAKKAN REHAT DAN MINUM AIR

Bila sakit tekak, badan pun rasa kurang selesa dan cepat letih. Jadi, berehatlah sebanyak mungkin.

Jangan lupa minum air dengan banyak terutamanya air masak, jus oren dan teh herba.

Seperkara lagi,Ā ā€˜Katakan Tidakā€˜Ā pada air kopi dan air gas!

Banyakkan minum air masak (bukan air bergula)

Banyakkan minum air masak (bukan air bergula)

6. KUNYAH BUNGA CENGKIH

Bunga cengkih pernah digunakan sebagai biusĀ di kalangan doktor gigi kerana ia mampu melegakan sakit gigi, sakit dalam mulut dan sakit tekak lantaran ia mengandungiĀ eugenolĀ yang bertindak sepertiĀ natural pain killer.

Mengunyah bunga cengkih akan mengeluarkanĀ eugenolĀ ini dan secara tak langsung memberi rasa kebas dalam mulut sehingga tekak.

hilangkan sakit tekak

Foto Kredit: eda-land.ru

7. MINUM JUS BUAH DELIMA ORGANIK

Buah delimaĀ mengandungi antioksidan yang dapat melawan jangkitan dalam mulut dan tekak danĀ astringents, iaitu sejenis bahan yang bertindak balas dengan tisu badan.

Apabila terdapat perubahan dalam tisu badan, ia akan hilangkan sakit tekak danĀ mengurangkanĀ bengkak serta kesakitan. Minum jus delima tiga kali sekali.

Foto Kredit: healingthebody.ca

Foto Kredit:Ā healingthebody.ca

SEBAIK SAHAJA TEKAK MULA BERASA GATAL,

ā€¦jangan buang masa dan amalkan langkah di atas dengan segera. Ia bukan sahaja mudah tetapi juga murah kerana banyak menggunaĀ bahan semula jadi.

Namun, sekiranya ia masih berlarutan, pastikan anda mendapatkan nasihat doktor untuk hilangkan sakit tekak. Jika dibiarkan, ia boleh menyebabkan jangkitan atauĀ demamĀ pula.

Silalah cuba!

Sumber: SirapLimau.Com

Dr Hamid Arshat kongsi 9 cara mencerdaskan otak anak dan keluarga

Otak merupakan bahagian badan paling penting dan perlu dijaga dengan sebaiknya. Dengan itu, Dr Hamid Arshat berkongsi petua dan cara menjaga kecerdasan otak supaya lebih sihat bermula dari kanak-kanak sehingga dewasa

Pakar Bidan dan Sakit Puan, Dr Hamid ArshatĀ baru-baru ini telah berkongsi 9 cara mencerdaskan otak yang diamalkan sejak dahulu seperti mana yang dilakukan Perdana Menteri,Ā Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad.
Disebabkan itu, walaupun sudah menjangkau usia 73 tahun, Dr Hamid Arshat masih sihat dan mampu melakukan setiap pembedahan untuk pesakitnya sama ada kelahiran, rawatan fibrioid dan lain-lain.Generasi muda boleh ikuti dan jadikan 9 cara mencerdaskan otak yang dikongsikan ini sebagai panduan untuk lebih sihat dan cergas setiap hari hingga ke usia tua.

9 cara mencerdaskan otak dikongsikan Dr Hamid ArshatĀ 

#1. Amalkan gaya hidup sihatĀ 

cara mencerdaskan otak, cerdaskan otak, kecerdasan otak, cara menjaga kesihatan otak, kesihatan otak, petua kecerdasan otak, cara menjaga kecerdasan otak kanak-kanak, cara menjaga kecerdasan otak orang dewasa, petua kecerdasan fungsi otak

Menurut Dr Hamid Arshat, apabila usia melebihi 70 tahun, ada risiko untuk penyakit alzheimer iaitu penghidap nyanyuk dan kehilangan daya ingatan.

Oleh sebab itu, otak tidak dapat berfungsi dengan baik lalu menganggu urusan seharian.

Namun begitu, peningkatan usia fungsi otak ini akan tetap berkeadaan baik jika orang berkenaan mengamalkan cara dan gaya hidup yang sihat sertaĀ aktif secara fizikal juga mental.

#2. Rajin baca Al-Quran dan hafal sifirĀ 

cara mencerdaskan otak, cerdaskan otak, kecerdasan otak, cara menjaga kesihatan otak, kesihatan otak, petua kecerdasan otak, cara menjaga kecerdasan otak kanak-kanak, cara menjaga kecerdasan otak orang dewasa, petua kecerdasan fungsi otakKredit: munirah mustafar

Untuk kecerdasan otak, anda harus rajin membaca Al-Quran serta cuba menghafal beberapa ayat setiap hari.

Kemudian ulangi ayat-ayat Al-Quran ituĀ  sebanyak 40 kali sama ada ketika bersolat, memandu atau di mana saja.

“Antara surah yang saya hafal seperti Al-Mulk, As Saff, Al Sajadah, Al Qiyamah, Al Insan dan separuh Al Waqiah serta lain-lain. Surah ini kena selalu baca untuk terus ingat.Ā Ā “Selain itu, kanak-kanak perlu dilatih hafal sifir dan buat kira-kira tanpa menggunakan kalkulator atau komputer. Ketika di sekolah rendah saya hafal sifir satu hingga 12.Ā Latihan ini mungkin punca saya dapat markah A dalam matematik untuk semua peperiksaan,” katanya.Ā 

#3. Lakukan senaman dan aktiviti fizikalĀ 

Cara mencerdaskan otak yang lain ialah dengan melakukan senaman dan aktiviti fizikalĀ selama 30 minitĀ kerana ia memberi manfaat pada kesihatan tubuh badan dan membantu cegah penyakit kencing manis dan darah tinggi.

Antara kebaikan lain:

  • Menambah sel-sel neuron
  • Kuatkan sambungan dan cegah kerosakan neuron.
  • Senaman bantu mengeluarkan brain drive neurotrophic factor (BDNF) yang meningkatkan fungsi pembelajaran.
  • Meluaskan pusat ingatan
  • Melancarkan aliran darah pada otak

#4. Belajar kemahiran baru dan cari hobi yang kita minatĀ 

Rahsia sihat Tun Mahathir, Tun M, Tun M kekal muda, kekal sihat Tun M, rahsia Tun M sihat

Jika ingin terus sihat, belajar sesuatu kemahiran baru dan cari hobi yang kita minati serta gembira ketika melakukannya seperti berkebun, pertukangan, menjahit, memasak dan lain-lain.

#5. Jangan buat banyak kerja serentakĀ 

Ya, jangan buat kerja serentak atauĀ multi taskingĀ contohnya membuat panggilan telefon tapi pada masa yang sama menyusun dan menyimpan barang.

Pasti kita akan terlupa barang tersebut diletakkan di mana.

#6. Jaga waktu tidurĀ 

cara mencerdaskan otak, cerdaskan otak, kecerdasan otak, cara menjaga kesihatan otak, kesihatan otak, petua kecerdasan otak, cara menjaga kecerdasan otak kanak-kanak, cara menjaga kecerdasan otak orang dewasa, petua kecerdasan fungsi otak

Cukup tidur antara lima hingga tujuh jam setiap malam. Dengan tidur, anda dapat menguatkan sambungan sarafĀ synapsesĀ dan seterusnya meningkatkan proses pembelajaran dan daya ingatan.

“Kajian ke atas kanak-kanak selepasĀ tidur waktu siangĀ menunjukkan ketajaman otak meningkat. Orang dewasa pula jika tidur sekejap waktu siang (power nap) meningkatkan daya fungsi otak,”.

#7. Buat nota kecilĀ 

Amalan mencatit setiap perkara baru yang dipelajari dalam buku nota dapat meningkatkan ingatan kita. Apatah lagi, amalan ini juga menjadi tabiat untuk orang-orang di negara Jepun dan Korea.

“Perlakuan ini juga dilakukan oleh Imam Shafie. Setelah mendengar kuliah dari gurunya dia sering menulis nota di sebelah tapak tangan kirinya. Kemudian dia boleh mengingat semula segala yang dicatatkan di tapak tangannya itu.Ā Ā “Satu kajian ke atas kanak-kanak yang suka melukis tentang perkara baru yang dipelajari mendapati bahawa mereka berjaya dapat markah tinggi dalam ujian,”.Ā 

#8. Amalkan makanan terbaik untuk otakĀ 

Makanan yang sihat, berkhasiat dan berzat sangat penting bagi pertumbuhan sel-sel otak dan myelin sheath iaitu buah-buahan dan sayur-sayuran.

Selain itu, kurangkan gula, karbohidrat danĀ makanan segera kerana meracuni sel-sel otak.Ā 

Khasiat tumbuhan alami untuk otakĀ 

  • Kunyit dan kari :Ā Mencegah timbunan amyloids yang boleh menyebabkan alzeimer. Membersihkan salur darah dalam otak. Meningkatkan ingatan dan pertumbuhan sel neuron.
  • Saderi, lada dan lobak merah:Ā Mengandungi luteolin yang mencegah kerosakan sel neuron.
  • Brokoli, cauliflour dan kuning telur:Ā mengandungi choline iaitu amino asid yang meningkatkan fungsi kognitif, pembelajaran dan ingatan. Selain mencegah tindakan racun otak.
  • Kacang walnut, almond ikan makeral dan salmon:Ā Mengandungi omega 3 atau DHA, phytosterol dan antioxidant. Meningkatkan fungsi otak dan pemulihan sel otak.
  • Pisang, sayuran hijau dan beans:Ā Mengandungi magnesium yang berfungsi mempercepatkan maklumat. Magnesium ini juga meningkatkan aliran darah ke dalam otak. Kajian ke atas kanak-kanak, jika diberikan mereka makan pisang waktu sarapan melonjakkan kecerdasan otak.
  • Daging lembu:Ā Sumber B 12 untuk pertumbuhan sel otak.
  • Bluebarries:Ā mengandungi antioxidant dan phyto kimia yang meningkatkan pembelajaran dan ingatan. Serta kurangkan kerosakan sel otak.
  • Minyak zaitun, minyak kelapa dara, minyak ikan:Ā Makanan mencegah fungsi otak dan melawan penyakit alzheimer.

#9. Permainan otak dan elak stresĀ 

Bermain permainan yang merangsang otak untuk membaca, kefahaman dan hafalan juga dapat meningkat fungsi otak supaya lebih baik.

Selain itu elakkan tekanan fizikal, mental dan emosi secara berleluasa kerana ia boleh meracuni sel otak manusia.

Semoga bermanfaat.

Sumber: theAsianparent Malaysia

Apa Yang Perlu Ditukar Masa Servis Kereta

Maklumat ini berguna untuk semua orang yang ingin melakukan car maintenance dengan lebih baik. Jadi saya post di sini agar senang untuk dibuat rujukan pada masa akan datang

Apa yang perlu ditukar masa servis kereta.

1.Ā MinyakĀ hitam.
Minyak hitam yg bukan sintetik tu ā€“ setiap 5,000km atau 3 bulan whichever is earlier.
Kalu yg sintetik ā€“ mungkin 7,500km atau 10,000km.

2. filter ā€“ sama seperti minyak enjin.
Minyak mineral biasa ā€“ 5000km
Minyak Synthetic ā€“ 7500km hingga 10000 km
Dalam ertikata lain, bila tukar minyak enjin tu, maka tukar juga la filter minyak tu sekali (oil filter)

3. spark plug ā€“ 20,000 km ikut schedule maintenance book!
Tapi kau boleh pakai sampai 30k-40k takde halā€¦benda ni bukan critical sangat! Tapi kalau dah lebih 40k tak tukar, dia nya electrode pun dah nipis, elok tukar ajeā€¦Harga sekitar Rm20-25 untuk 4 bijiā€¦

4. bateri kereta ā€“ 18 bulan hingga 2 tahun, terpulang pada cara penggunaanā€¦kalau kita selalu topup airsuling tu, ianya boleh tahan sampai 2 tahunā€¦kalau selalu lupa topup dan selalu keringā€¦6 bulan pun bateri boleh kong!

Free maintenance battery lain pulak ceritanyaā€¦tak payah top up air , harga lebih mahal dari bateri biasa. Bila beli bateri, jangan main hentam aje, ini kerana di Malaysia banyak barang tipuā€¦so , beli bateri dari jenama yg boleh dipercayaiā€¦ BOSCH, CENTURYā€¦ tapi ada juga jenama yang tak terkenal tapi elok!

Aku ada kawan dekat Puchong keje kat warehouse distribute battery ke kedai kedai sparepartsā€¦dia yang bagitahu ilmu kat aku camner nak kenal bateri baik dengan yang tak baik! Bateriyg baik biasanya lebih berat dari bateri yang kurang baik ( compare bateri tersebut dalam kategori yang sama..kalau NS50 tu kau kena compare dengan NS50 dari jenama yg lagi satu! Kalau kancil tak silap aku pakai NS40 atau NS40L..begitu la citernya!

5.Ā timing beltĀ ā€“ 60,000km untuk kereta proton wira,saga. WAJA bole tahan sampai90,000km danĀ Honda CRVĀ tahan sampai 160,000km. Jadi timing belt ni ikut jenis kereta. Banyak orang tak tahu, depa sampai aje 60,000km terus tukar tak kira la diapakai apa keretapun! Mekanik sengeh aje la, buat apa tolak rezeki!

6.clutch plat ā€“ clutch plate ni ialah perkara subjektif. Biasanya ikut pengalaman aku, aku hanya tukar bila ada simptom ā€œclutch slippingā€ berlaku sewaktu pemanduan kita. Ni perkara yang susah nak terangkan,sebab tu mereka kata 100,000kmā€¦tukar clutch!

7.Fuel Filter ā€“ tukar aje la sekitar 40,000km sekali. Benda ni pun murah RM15-20je.

8.Air Filter atau Filter Udara ā€“ yang ni di tukar setiap 20,000kmā€¦.tapipada mereka yang tukar kepada K&N typeā€¦benda ni tak payah tukar,tapi mampu dibersihkan.

9.ATF ā€“Ā Automatic Transmission Fluid. Minyak ni memang penting bagi yang pakai AUTO. Dalam manual dia ada sebut setiap 20,000km tukar. Tapi boleh la extend hingga 30,000km kepada mereka yang nak jimat. Minyak ni memang penting ditukarā€¦jangan abaikan (contohnya tak tukar lebih dari 30,000km) kerana kerosakan kepada AUTO gearbox perlu perbelanjaan yg besar. Kalau kita rajin tukar, kereta tak perluTransmission Flush seperti yg disyorkan oleh sesetengah bengkel. Transmission Flush boleh pergi sampai 7-9 litre.Ini membazir untuk kitaā€¦tapi bukan pada pihak yang bikin servis. Cajsekitar RM200 ++. Kalau kau selalu tukar ATF, hanya tukar biasaajeā€¦.yang budget kurang dari RM100ā€¦ikut saiz kereta anda!

10.Gear Oil ā€“ untuk mereka yg pakaiĀ manual gearbox. Kereta anda tak perlu pakaiATF, sebaliknya pakai Gear Oil. Benda ni boleh la tukar 60,000km sekali.

11.Brake Fluid danĀ Power Steering FluidĀ ā€“ Kalau rajin boleh flush keluar ganti baru setiap 60,000 km. Aku sendiri tak buatā€¦.sebab aku malas! Lagipun aku tahu sedikit sebanyak pasal mekanikal, bila ada kuar simptom, barulah aku tukar!he heā€¦jangan ikut saya ya!

12.Radiator Coolant -sebotol RM8-RM15ā€¦ selalunya warna hijau! 60,000km boleh la tukar sekali!!! Kalau air radiator korang warna clear ajeā€¦maknanya air paipbiasa aje tu! Pakai coolant, enjin lebih cepat panas dan juga tak mudah mendidih!

13.Air-Cond Belt/ Alternator Belt ā€“ Belt-belt ni perlu ditukar sama waktu dengantiming belt. Kalau kita terlupa tukar sewaktu servis sebelum-sebelum ni. Belt Air-con dan juga alternator mudah dikenal pasti akan perlunya ditukar atau tidak.Ini kerana belt-belt ni letaknya diluar dan boleh nampak. Kalau bahagian ā€œribsā€nya dah adaā€crack-crackā€ yang halusā€¦maka eloklah ditukar belt tersebut. Jangan tunggu masa timing belt nak tukar, baru nak ditukar belt-belt ini. Akhir sekali, ingin aku ingatkan maintenance schedule yang ikut ā€œkmā€ atau masaā€3bulanā€ ā€œ6 bulanā€ dan seterusnya ni hanya memudahkan pengguna-pengguna kereta melakukan penyelengaraan atau omputih kata ā€œpreventive maintenanceā€

Maksudnya, benda yang kita tukar tu belum tentu rosak, tapi kita dah tukarā€¦preventive maintenance ni mampu mengelak dari pengguna kereta menghadapi kerosakan yang kritikaldimasa akan datang! Tapi dalam dunia ni, mana ada yang perfect!Ā Preventive MaintenanceĀ Schedule ni kalau kita ikut tanpa mengetahui sedikit sebanyak tentang fungsi atau sebab mengapa setiap alatganti tu perlu ditukar. Ianya boleh juga menjadi suatu pembaziranā€¦.

Contohnya- kalau kita buta-buta ikut apa yg disyorkan oleh pembuat alatganti. Contohnya ā€œshock absorberā€.. perlu diganti setiap 20,000kmā€¦.! Tentu kita tidak mampu mengikutnya!

Mengikut pengalaman aku yg dah lebih 10 tahun membuat DIY service kereta:-

Minyak hitam mineral utk 5000km/3 bulan, minyak semi-sintetik utk 10,000km/6 bulan, minyak fully sintetik utk 15-20,000km/ 1 tahun. Kalau boleh elakkan beli minyak hitam di kedai spare part sebab byk minyak cap ayam. Botol mungkin ada cap castrol, shell, petronas, eneos, etc,etc tp dlm mungkin minyak murah made in china. Dlm satu hari ada berapa ribu botol minyak hitam kosong wujud di bengkel-bengkel. Sesiapa sahaja boleh ambik botol-botol ini dan refil dan bubuh seal baru. Elok beli minyak di stesen minyak ā€“ confirmed genuine. Unless kalau betul2 yakin dgn kedai spare part yg kita beli tu.

Minyak gear manual ditukar setiap 40,000km utk kereta baru (kurang 5 tahun), setiap 20,000km utk kereta atas 5 tahun atau apabila gear shift rasa ketat. Paling bagus utk kereta lama ā€“ bubuh gearbox treatment. Minyak gear ATF ā€“ ditukar setiap 20,000km. Sama mcm di atas.

Flush? kalau dlm buku takde kata ā€“ maka tidak perlu.Ā Air filterĀ pun sama ā€“ 20,000km. Coolant ā€“ tukar tiap-tiap 20,000km. Nak tukar tiap-tiap 50,000km pun boleh dgn syarat guna air suling or RO water. Timing belt ā€“ ditukar setiap 80,000km. Tapi aku pernah stretch sampai 110,000km(wira 1.6xli) tanpa masalah sebab aku guna timing ori mitsubishi dan aku suka inspect timing belt. Merekah takde, gigi still elok ā€“ tak perlu tukar. Aircond belt, altrnator belt, power steering belt ā€“ tukar semasa tukar timing belt atau apabila nampak crack.

Water pump ā€“ ditukar apabila menukar timing belt utk kali ke-2. Letā€™s say kita tukar timing belt setiap 80,000km, maka apabila kita menukar timing belt utk kali kedua pada 160,000km, elok tukar sekaliĀ water pumpĀ kerana hayatnya pun hampir tiba. Nak tukar water pump kena bukak timing belt. So kalau buat sekali, tiada extra labor charge. Spark plug ā€“ every 20,000km. Atau selagi plastik kat tgh tu masih putih dan tiada kesan terbakar. So kena check spark plug. Kalau spark plug berminyak ā€“ engine dah agak uzur dan kena overhaul sebab piston ring dah haus. Asap biru kat ekzos jugak adalah tanda piston ring haus i.e. minyak hitam terbakar. BTW, ini bukan service biasa. Dah kira major work jugak. Head gasket ā€“ tukar apabila minyak leaking kat area tu. Atau sekiranya berlaku coolant loss akibat dari blown head gasket. Buat grind valve sekali. Org panggil nie top-overhaul.

Biasanya top overhaul tidak diperlukan dek kereta bawah 7 tahun atau 200,000km. Tp ada gak yg 7-80,000km/kurang 5 tahun dah kena top overhaulsebab suka lenjan engine. Dok main red line manjang. Ini pun major work la jugakskit. Brake pad ā€“ tukar bila haus atau bila rasa brake kurang mengigit. Biasanya kereta 3-4 tahun sekali. Minyak brake ā€“ pun sama. Anyway brake belakang tahan lebih lama dari brake depan biasanya double. Bercakap tentang timing belt (juga dipanggil cam belt kerana ia memacu camshaft), ianya berbeza antara satu pengeluar ke pengeluar yg lain.

Pada asalnya, enjin pembakaran dalam menggunakan camshaft yg di letak di dalam blok enjinā€¦erm..takmo citer panjang2 lah. Secara standardnya pertukaran timing belt pada setiap 100,000km ikut ketetapan pengeluar jepun. tetapi jepun adalah negara bercuaca sederhana sejuk manakala cuaca di malaysia lebih panas dan mampu mempercepatkan proses wear and tear timingbelt yg dibuat dari adunan getah, plastik dan fibre glass. Maka itu, adalah dinasihatkan pertukarannya dibuat lebih awal iaitu antara 90,000km. Bagi alat ganti timing belt berkualiti rendah, kita perlu menukar lebih awal, maybe 60,000km. Sy tak begitu pasti.

Sesetengah pengeluar seperti Alfa Romeo mencadangkan pertukaran timing belt padajarak hanya 30,000km bagi semua enjin straight 4 twin spark dan juga enjin V6 bagi model sblm thn 1999. Masa aku keja di alfa romeo thn 96 dulu, ada juga pemilik yg kerek dan cakap timing belt boleh tahan sampai 100,000km. Tak perlu tukar pada 30,000km. Then, keta dia kena tarik masuk sebab timing belt putus dan enjin kena overhaul. Bacaan odometer ketika itu = 35,000km. Maka moralnya adalah kita perlu patuhi spesifikasi service dan penyelenggaraan pengeluar. Banyak kenderaan zaman sekarang telah menggunakan timing chain sbg ganti kepada timing belt. Ini termasuk Nissan, Honda dan Toyota .Toyota misalannya menggunakan timing chain bagi semua kenderaan penumpangnya iaitu :-

Camry ACV30 ā€“ enjin 2AZ-FE 2000cc
Corolla Altis ZZE121 ā€“ enjin 1ZZ-FE 1600cc
Vios NZE10 ā€“ enjin 1NZ-FE 1500cc

Model seperti CRV pada mulanya menggunakan timing belt, tetapi untuk CRV baru generasi kedua, Honda juga kembali memperkenalkan timing chain melalui enjin i-VTEC. ianya tidak memerlukan pertukaran biarpun sudah mencecah 500,00km lantas menjimatkan kos dan menjaga alam sekitar. Sekiranya mekanisme rantai mengeluarkan bunyi, hanya perlu tukar tensioner bearing dan segalanya pulih spt sedia kala.

Sumber: Facebook.com

Trello with Butler: Workflow Automation At Your Service

“Trello with Butler” – workflow automation at your service. Say goodbye to the tedious clicks and endless card drags of yesteryear, and say hello to custom automations, rules, scheduled commands, and so much more! Consider Butler to be the robo-sidekick for your teamā€™s productivity, allowing you to create a seamless process for any task or workflow at the board or card level.

Plus, Butler doesnā€™t require some fancy degree in coding. Automations are easily created using natural language, so itā€™s like productivity Mad Libs. Simply go through Butlerā€™s command building window and select what you would like Butler to do, and it will do it all for you without your having to write a line of code. No code, FTW!

Best of all, Butler is available to all Trello users, and Butler forĀ Business ClassĀ andĀ EnterpriseĀ comes with even more advanced features and automation capabilities. To learn more about the Butler features that come with your Trello account, check outĀ this handy help document.

To add Butler’s powerful automations to your boards simply click the Butler icon in the board menu and begin giving your board butler things to do. Since there are infinite ways to use Butlerā€™s superpowers, weā€™ve provided a few examples.

Play By The Rules (Trust Us!)

Imagine this: Youā€™ve finished your latest project, you wipe the sweat off your brow, you drag a card to Done, and *instantly* the remaining checklist items are marked complete, the due date is marked complete, and you are removed from the cardā€”all without you having to do a thing.

Setting automatic rules with Butler

Rules will automatically react to actions on your boards like magic and operate across the entire board for all members. Plus, they can be built to handle a lot of complex actions and bring an automated process to your boards.

For instance, if you are on a Sales team and have a contract that needs review by Legal, you can set up a rule so that whenever a card is moved into the ā€œLegal Reviewā€ list, your legal review process checklist is added to the card with a due date for 2 days from then, and have it assigned to your teamā€™s lawyer.

Rule

Setting up a rule is as simple as filling in the fields for what youā€™d like to happen when a specific action or trigger takes place. For instance, in my initial example a trigger would be set for when a card is moved into the ā€œDoneā€ list by anyone on the board. Then establish the actions that would automatically occur when that action is triggered:

  • Mark the due date as complete
  • Check all the items in all the checklists on the card
  • Remove all the members from the card.

Triggers can be set for a variety of actions including:

  • When cards are added, moved, or archived
  • Labels, attachments, members, and votes are added to cards
  • Due dates are added, marked complete, or included in card names
  • Actions are taken on checklists or checklists are added to cards
  • Comments and card description updates
  • When Custom Field data is entered, updated, set, etc.

When a trigger is activated some of the possible actions could be:

  • Moving, archiving, or copying cards
  • Adding or removing labels, attachments,Ā and more
  • Setting, changing, or updating due dates
  • Adding, completing, or resetting checklists
  • Joining, subscribing, and adding/removing members from cards
  • Renaming cards, editing descriptions, adding comments
  • Modifying, adding, or removing Custom Field data
  • Sorting lists by a variety of criteria
  • Interacting with related cards
  • Sending emails (available withĀ Business Class, Enterprise, and Gold)
  • Gets, posts, and puts to URLs (available withĀ Business Class, Enterprise, and Gold)
  • And so much more!

Honestly, it is amazing to simply dig around and see what Butler can do to tackle almost any request you send its way.

Example Use Cases For Rules

  • Get an overview of your teamā€™s work getting done across all of your boards in a single place. For example, set a rule on each of your team boards to make a copy of every card that is moved to a boardā€™s Done list to the team overview board.
  • When a card is created in a “To Do” list, add the “Steps” checklist so that you donā€™t miss a beat.
  • When someone is added to a card, have Butler automagically set the due date to five working days in the future and post comments like, “I got this.” What a team player!
  • When you enter a card name ending with a date, set the card to be due on that date. Perfect for when emailing cards to your board.
  • When the checklist “Phase 1 Steps” is completed by anyone, move the card to list “Phase 2” and add checklist “Phase 2 Steps.” As they say, process makes perfect.

Building Buttons For A Better Way To Work

Butler also allows you to create custom automations for cards and boards that are executed at the click of a button. Card buttons handle card level tasks, and appear on the card back. Board buttons, on the other hand, appear at the top of your board and accomplish tasks across your entire board.

Trello-Butler-Card-Button2-1

Whatā€™s really exciting is that you can create buttons that can perform multiple operations in a single click.

For instance, a card button, when clicked, could move that card to a specific list, add a due date for two days in the future, add a board member, and apply a specified label. Or, a board button could move every card with an overdue due date to a specified list and sort them by label.

Plus, Butler is a team player which means that card and board buttons created by anyone on the board can be used by everyone. This keeps your entire team on the same page when creating a process around actions, whether itā€™s to notify the next person in a workflow, or prioritize tasks for the week.

Butler-Due-Date-Command

To create custom buttons, start by selecting whether you want to create a card button or a board button and name the button. Then, creating a task is as simple as going through and adding the actions you want to occur and filling in the details, like which list or label.

Create Board Button

Card button actionsĀ can include any or all of the following:

  • Moving or archiving a card
  • Adding/removing labels and due dates
  • Marking due dates complete
  • Checking/unchecking checklist items, adding checklists to cards, and resetting checklists
  • Joining, subscribing, and adding/removing members from cards
  • Adding comments, renaming cards, and modifying card descriptions

Board button actionsĀ can include:

  • Creating new cards with descriptions in specified lists
  • Creating, archiving, and arranging lists
  • Moving and archiving cards in a list
  • Sorting cards in a list by date, name, votes, custom fields, labels, and time on list

Example Use Cases For Buttons

Card Button

  • Ready to get to work? Create a card button to start a task that moves the card to list “In Progress,ā€ and adds you to the card with a due date.
  • Start each week fresh with a board button to archive the past weekā€™s “Done” list and create a new “Done” list.
  • Add a card button that automatically moves the card to ā€œDone,ā€ marks the due date as complete, and removes you from the card. You can even set up Butler to automatically add a comment that lets your boss know how awesome you are.
  • Never know what to work on next? Add a board button to move a randomly-selected card from the “To Do” list to the “Doing” list. Donā€™t letĀ analysis paralysisĀ curb your productivity.
  • Letā€™s say you apply a green label to every bug you fix, so your team knows whatā€™s already shipped. Create a board button to auto-archive all of those cards with a green label and save a lot of precious clicks.
  • Get insight into your infinite backlog by creating a button to sort cards by Custom Field story points, due date, votes, and more so you know what to prioritize next sprint.

Make Time Work For You

If you are rocking a Business Class, Enterprise, or Trello Gold account then you have the ability to setup Butler to work on whatever schedule works for you with scheduled commands based on calendar dates or a cardā€™s due date.

Calendar commands are great for recurring tasks and regular board maintenance like moving and archiving cards, sorting lists, and adding new lists to a board. These commands can be set to run at specific times on daily, weekly, monthly, and yearly times of your choosing.

Butler Calendar Command

For instance, on a weekly sprint board you could set a calendar command to make the start of each week as smooth as possible:

  • Every Monday at 9 AM,
  • Archive all of the cards in the Last Week list
  • Move the cards from the This Week list to the Last Week list
  • Move all of the cards from Up Next to This week and sort them by due date.

If only Butler could also make sure there was a fresh pot of coffee ready for you as well when you stepped into the office. ā˜•ļø

Due date commands use a cardā€™s due date as a trigger and can be programmed to take a series of actions as a cardā€™s due date gets closer, the moment is due, or a set period of time after the card is due.

Butler-Due-Date-Command

Setting due date commands is a great way to make sure nothing important falls through the cracks by flagging incomplete cards that are overdue:

  • The moment a card is due
  • Move the card to the top of the list
  • Add the red label to the card
  • Post a comment ā€œ@card Whatā€™s the status of this?ā€

Scheduled commands offer a powerful way to keep your boards and cards organized and maintained so that you can spend more time focussing on the finer things in life, like that blog post you were supposed to write last week that Butler totally just reminded you about.

Butler Brings The White Glove Service

Suggestions

If thatā€™s not enough, what makes Butler truly a cut above the rest is that as soon as Butler is enabled on your boards it immediately has ideas to make your life easier. When you open the Butler, click the ā€œAutomation Tipsā€ button and Butler will automatically take a quick scan of your board to analyze the most common actions, and suggest them as recommended buttons that can be created in a click. Talk about being prepared for your first day on the job.

So go ahead and bring the power of automation with Butler to your boards today!

Want to get an in-depth overview of everything Butler has to offer? Watch our free on-demand webinar:

Bring Powerful Automation To Your Boards With Butler

Source: Trello.Com

Mengapa gasket silinder terbakar bila enjin panas (overheat)

Overheating atau kepanasan melampau adalah keadaan dimana enjin mengalami kepanasan yang melebihi dari sepatutnya.Tahap kepanasan enjin adalah dikawal supaya berada pada satu tahap sejuk untuk enjin beroperasi seterusnya.

Jika terjadi overheating meter penunjuk suhu enjin akan berada lebih dari setengah ataupun berterusan bergerak sedikit demi sedikit ke tanda merah pada meter suhu.Prestasi enjin akan terus menurun dan seterusnya menjadi tersangat panas sehingga enjin akan berhenti sendiri.Penunjuk suhu tidak boleh melebihi dari had minima ,jika melebihi had tersebut ia adalah diklasifikasikan sebagai overheating (kepanasan melampau).

Akibat daripada kepanasan tersebut keadaan seperti enjin berbunyi kuat,berbau hangit,asap berkepul dan enjin mati sendiri adalah keadaan akhir selepas overheating berlaku.

Komponen penyejukan enjin

Komponen-komponen yang berkaitan untuk mengawal suhu enjin supaya tidak mengalami kepanasan adalah seperti berikut:-

1)Radiator
2)Water pump
3)Water jacket
4)Kipas radiator
5)Thermostat
6)Enjin blok

Diantara 6 komponen tersebut hanya enjin blok yang berfungsi tetap dalam enjin untuk mengawal suhu sejuk untuk enjin beroperasi. Diatas blok enjin terdapat llubang-lubang kecil yang akan dilitupi dengan air untuk mengawal kesejukan dari dalam bila enjin dihidupkan.

Air yang berada pada lubang-lubang kecil tersebut akan berada kekal sementara silinder gasket berfungsi menyekat air dan minyak hitam Ā dari memasuki ruang pembakaran .Di sinilah fungsi sebenar gasket silinder yang bertujuan melemahkan kepanasan kepada tahap yang sesuai untuk enjin beroperasi.Akantetapi bagaimanakah gasket silinder ini boleh terbakar sedangkan dilitupi oleh air pada dasarnya?

Mengapa silinder gasket terbakar dan enjin berhenti

Pada satu ketka dimana enjin terlalu panas iaitu melebihi dari had maksima untuk enjin beroperasi silinder akan menjadi panas sedikit demi sedikit dan terus melekat pada blok dan seterusnya melimpahkan sedikit demi sedikit air ke ruang pembakaran .Bila ruang pembakaran dipenuhi air inilah yang akan menyebabkan kereta berhenti terus tanpa boleh dihidupkan.

Perkara perlu dilakukan sebelum enjin jadi terlalu panas

1.Berhentikan kereta
2.Biarkan enjin sejuk kira2 satu jam
3.Buka penutup radiator setelah enjin sejuk
4.Isikan air semula dalam jacket dan radiator
5.Pastikan kipas berpusing setelah enjin panas semula
6.Jumpa mekanik jika enjin terlalu cepat jadi panas-(silinder gasket telah terbakar)

Carakerja pembaikan berdasarkan kerosakan

1.Servis radiator-jika enjin panas ketika berhenti sahaja
2.Tukar thermostat-jika kipas radiator tidak berpusing dan enjin panas sekejap2
3.Tukar hose bocor-jika terdapat mana2 kebocoran air
4.Tukar head gasket sahaja-jika panas yang kadangkala terjadi sahaja
5.Tukar Ā motor kipas radiator-jika panas berterusan dan kipas berhenti berpusing
6.Tukar water pump jika air pada water jaket susut selalu
6.Top Overhaul adalah carakerja penuh untuk semua dia atas.

Pengawalan awal supaya tidak terjadi overheating

1.Pastikan coolant mencukupi dalam radiator dan water jaket,pastikan air berwarna biru gelap sentiasa
2.Flush radiator atau tukar air radiator setiap kali servis
3.Pastikan tiada hose air yang bocor
4.Pastikan kipas radiator berfungsi
5.Tukar water pump jika air dalam water jacket susut
6.Picit hose di thermostat berulang kali supaya thermostat tidak melekat dengan coolant sahaja
7.Sembur air pada sirip radiator untuk hilangkan habuk ,daun atau batu kecil yang terselit pada sirip radiator
8.Parking kereta pada tempat berbumbung jika ada
9.Semasa mengisi semula air radiator hidupkan enjin seketika supaya air dapat memenuhi semua ruang.
10.Gunakan coolant yang disarankan sahaja

Sumber: MekanikKereta.Blogspot.Com

Workflow Automation At Your Service With Trelloā€™s Butler

Say goodbye to the tedious clicks and endless card drags of yesteryear, and say hello to custom automations, rules, scheduled commands, and so much more! Consider Butler to be the robo-sidekick for your teamā€™s productivity, allowing you to create a seamless process for any task or workflow at the board or card level.

Plus, Butler doesnā€™t require some fancy degree in coding. Automations are easily created using natural language, so itā€™s like productivity Mad Libs. Simply go through Butlerā€™s command building window and select what you would like Butler to do, and it will do it all for you without your having to write a line of code. No code, FTW!

Best of all, Butler is available to all Trello users, and Butler forĀ Business ClassĀ andĀ EnterpriseĀ comes with even more advanced features and automation capabilities. To learn more about the Butler features that come with your Trello account, check outĀ this handy help document.

To add Butler’s powerful automations to your boards simply click the Butler icon in the board menu and begin giving your board butler things to do. Since there are infinite ways to use Butlerā€™s superpowers, weā€™ve provided a few examples.

Play By The Rules (Trust Us!)

Imagine this: Youā€™ve finished your latest project, you wipe the sweat off your brow, you drag a card to Done, and *instantly* the remaining checklist items are marked complete, the due date is marked complete, and you are removed from the cardā€”all without you having to do a thing.

Setting automatic rules with Butler

Rules will automatically react to actions on your boards like magic and operate across the entire board for all members. Plus, they can be built to handle a lot of complex actions and bring an automated process to your boards.

For instance, if you are on a Sales team and have a contract that needs review by Legal, you can set up a rule so that whenever a card is moved into the ā€œLegal Reviewā€ list, your legal review process checklist is added to the card with a due date for 2 days from then, and have it assigned to your teamā€™s lawyer.

Rule

Setting up a rule is as simple as filling in the fields for what youā€™d like to happen when a specific action or trigger takes place. For instance, in my initial example a trigger would be set for when a card is moved into the ā€œDoneā€ list by anyone on the board. Then establish the actions that would automatically occur when that action is triggered:

  • Mark the due date as complete
  • Check all the items in all the checklists on the card
  • Remove all the members from the card.

Triggers can be set for a variety of actions including:

  • When cards are added, moved, or archived
  • Labels, attachments, members, and votes are added to cards
  • Due dates are added, marked complete, or included in card names
  • Actions are taken on checklists or checklists are added to cards
  • Comments and card description updates
  • When Custom Field data is entered, updated, set, etc.

When a trigger is activated some of the possible actions could be:

  • Moving, archiving, or copying cards
  • Adding or removing labels, attachments,Ā and more
  • Setting, changing, or updating due dates
  • Adding, completing, or resetting checklists
  • Joining, subscribing, and adding/removing members from cards
  • Renaming cards, editing descriptions, adding comments
  • Modifying, adding, or removing Custom Field data
  • Sorting lists by a variety of criteria
  • Interacting with related cards
  • Sending emails (available withĀ Business Class, Enterprise, and Gold)
  • Gets, posts, and puts to URLs (available withĀ Business Class, Enterprise, and Gold)
  • And so much more!

Honestly, it is amazing to simply dig around and see what Butler can do to tackle almost any request you send its way.

Example Use Cases For Rules

  • Get an overview of your teamā€™s work getting done across all of your boards in a single place. For example, set a rule on each of your team boards to make a copy of every card that is moved to a boardā€™s Done list to the team overview board.
  • When a card is created in a “To Do” list, add the “Steps” checklist so that you donā€™t miss a beat.
  • When someone is added to a card, have Butler automagically set the due date to five working days in the future and post comments like, “I got this.” What a team player!
  • When you enter a card name ending with a date, set the card to be due on that date. Perfect for when emailing cards to your board.
  • When the checklist “Phase 1 Steps” is completed by anyone, move the card to list “Phase 2” and add checklist “Phase 2 Steps.” As they say, process makes perfect.

Building Buttons For A Better Way To Work

Butler also allows you to create custom automations for cards and boards that are executed at the click of a button. Card buttons handle card level tasks, and appear on the card back. Board buttons, on the other hand, appear at the top of your board and accomplish tasks across your entire board.

Trello-Butler-Card-Button2-1

Whatā€™s really exciting is that you can create buttons that can perform multiple operations in a single click.

For instance, a card button, when clicked, could move that card to a specific list, add a due date for two days in the future, add a board member, and apply a specified label. Or, a board button could move every card with an overdue due date to a specified list and sort them by label.

Plus, Butler is a team player which means that card and board buttons created by anyone on the board can be used by everyone. This keeps your entire team on the same page when creating a process around actions, whether itā€™s to notify the next person in a workflow, or prioritize tasks for the week.

Butler-Due-Date-Command

To create custom buttons, start by selecting whether you want to create a card button or a board button and name the button. Then, creating a task is as simple as going through and adding the actions you want to occur and filling in the details, like which list or label.

Create Board Button

Card button actionsĀ can include any or all of the following:

  • Moving or archiving a card
  • Adding/removing labels and due dates
  • Marking due dates complete
  • Checking/unchecking checklist items, adding checklists to cards, and resetting checklists
  • Joining, subscribing, and adding/removing members from cards
  • Adding comments, renaming cards, and modifying card descriptions

Board button actionsĀ can include:

  • Creating new cards with descriptions in specified lists
  • Creating, archiving, and arranging lists
  • Moving and archiving cards in a list
  • Sorting cards in a list by date, name, votes, custom fields, labels, and time on list

Example Use Cases For Buttons

Card Button

  • Ready to get to work? Create a card button to start a task that moves the card to list “In Progress,ā€ and adds you to the card with a due date.
  • Start each week fresh with a board button to archive the past weekā€™s “Done” list and create a new “Done” list.
  • Add a card button that automatically moves the card to ā€œDone,ā€ marks the due date as complete, and removes you from the card. You can even set up Butler to automatically add a comment that lets your boss know how awesome you are.
  • Never know what to work on next? Add a board button to move a randomly-selected card from the “To Do” list to the “Doing” list. Donā€™t letĀ analysis paralysisĀ curb your productivity.
  • Letā€™s say you apply a green label to every bug you fix, so your team knows whatā€™s already shipped. Create a board button to auto-archive all of those cards with a green label and save a lot of precious clicks.
  • Get insight into your infinite backlog by creating a button to sort cards by Custom Field story points, due date, votes, and more so you know what to prioritize next sprint.

Make Time Work For You

If you are rocking a Business Class, Enterprise, or Trello Gold account then you have the ability to setup Butler to work on whatever schedule works for you with scheduled commands based on calendar dates or a cardā€™s due date.

Calendar commands are great for recurring tasks and regular board maintenance like moving and archiving cards, sorting lists, and adding new lists to a board. These commands can be set to run at specific times on daily, weekly, monthly, and yearly times of your choosing.

Butler Calendar Command

For instance, on a weekly sprint board you could set a calendar command to make the start of each week as smooth as possible:

  • Every Monday at 9 AM,
  • Archive all of the cards in the Last Week list
  • Move the cards from the This Week list to the Last Week list
  • Move all of the cards from Up Next to This week and sort them by due date.

If only Butler could also make sure there was a fresh pot of coffee ready for you as well when you stepped into the office. ā˜•ļø

Due date commands use a cardā€™s due date as a trigger and can be programmed to take a series of actions as a cardā€™s due date gets closer, the moment is due, or a set period of time after the card is due.

Butler-Due-Date-Command

Setting due date commands is a great way to make sure nothing important falls through the cracks by flagging incomplete cards that are overdue:

  • The moment a card is due
  • Move the card to the top of the list
  • Add the red label to the card
  • Post a comment ā€œ@card Whatā€™s the status of this?ā€

Scheduled commands offer a powerful way to keep your boards and cards organized and maintained so that you can spend more time focussing on the finer things in life, like that blog post you were supposed to write last week that Butler totally just reminded you about.

Butler Brings The White Glove Service

Suggestions

If thatā€™s not enough, what makes Butler truly a cut above the rest is that as soon as Butler is enabled on your boards it immediately has ideas to make your life easier. When you open the Butler, click the ā€œAutomation Tipsā€ button and Butler will automatically take a quick scan of your board to analyze the most common actions, and suggest them as recommended buttons that can be created in a click. Talk about being prepared for your first day on the job.

So go ahead and bring the power of automation with Butler to your boards today!

Source: Trello.Com